Fact Sheet 402

Drug Names and Manufacturers

REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITORS (NUKES)

NON-NUCLEOSIDE REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITORS (NNRTIs)

PROTEASE INHIBITORS

INTEGRASE INHIBITORS

ATTACHMENT AND FUSION INHIBITORS

 

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Combination medications: Some manufacturers have combined more than one drug into a single tablet or capsule. Combinations within a single class are listed below. Combinations of more than one type of medication are discussed in Fact Sheet 470.

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1. REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITORS (NUKES)

The first anti-HIV drugs. They block reverse transcription (the creation of viral DNA from RNA) by providing “decoy” building blocks that interrupt the process. Most are nucleoside analogs; tenofovir is a nucleotide analog.

Year*	Generic Name	Trade Name	Also known as:	Manufacturer
1987	Zidovudine	Retrovir	AZT, ZDV	ViiV Healthcare & generic
1991	Didanosine	Videx	ddI	Bristol-Myers Squibb & generic
1992	Zalcitabine	Hivid, ddC, dideoxycytidine by Roche	Manufacture discontinued in 2006; Roche
1994	Stavudine	Zerit	d4T	Bristol-Myers Squibb & generic
1995	Lamivudine	Epivir	3TC	ViiV Healthcare & generic
1997	Zidovudine/Lamivudine	Combivir	Combines AZT, 3TC, ABC	ViiV Healthcare & generic
1998	Abacavir	Ziagen	ABC	ViiV Healthcare & generic
2000	Zidovudine/Lamivudine/abacavir	Trizivir	Combines AZT, 3TC, Abacavir	ViiV Healthcare
2001	Tenofovir DF	Viread	TDF	Gilead Sciences & generic
2003	Emtricitabine	Emtriva	Combines ABC & 3TC	Gilead Sciences
2004	Abacavir/lamivudine	Epzicom	Combines FTC & TDF	ViiV Healthcare & generic
2016	Tenofovir/emtricitabine AF (TAF)	Descovy	Combines FTC & TAF	Gilead Sciences

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2. NON-NUCLEOSIDE REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITORS (NNRTIs or NON-NUKES)

These also interrupt reverse transcription, by binding to the reverse transcriptase enzyme and restricting its activity.

Year*	Generic Name	Trade Name	Also known as:	Manufacturer
1996	Nevirapine	Viramune	NVP	Boehringer Ingelheim & generic
1997	Delavirdine	Rescriptor	DLV	ViiV Healthcare
1998	Efavirenz	Sustiva, Stocrin	EFV	Bristol-Myers Squibb & generic
2008	Etravirine	Intelence	ETR	Tibotec
2011	Rilpivirine	Edurant	RPV	Tibotec & generic

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3. PROTEASE INHIBITORS

Block the action of protease, an enzyme that cuts HIV protein chains into specific proteins needed to assemble a new copy of the virus. NOTE: when you see “/r” after the name of a protease inhibitor, that means it is boosted with a small dose of ritonavir. For example, SQV/r means saquinavir boosted with ritonavir. At present, only lopinavir and ritonavir are available in a single pill.

Year*	Generic Name	Trade Name	Also Known As:	Manufacturer
1995	Saquinavir	Invirase	SQV	Roche
1996	Ritonavir	Norvir	RTV	Abbott & generic
1996	Indinavir	Crixivan	IDV	Merck
1997	Nelfinavir	Viracept	NFV	ViiV Healthcare
1997	Saquinavir	Fortovase by Roche, manufacture discontinued in 2006
1999	Amprenavir	Agenerase Manufacture discontinued in 2007		ViiV Healthcare
2000	Lopinavir	Kaletra, Aluvia	LPV	Abbott& generic
2003	Atazanavir	Reyataz	ATV	Bristol-Myers Squibb
2003	Fosamprenavir	Lexiva, Telzir	FPV	ViiV Healthcare
2005	Tipranavir	Aptivus	TPV	Boehringer Ingelheim
2006	Darunavir	Prezista	DRV	Tibotec

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4. INTEGRASE INHIBITORS

Integrase inhibitors: Block the action of integrase, an enzyme that inserts the viral DNA into the infected cell’s DNA strands.

Year*	Generic Name	Trade Name	Also known as:	Manufacturer
2007	Raltegravir	Isentress	RAL	Merck
2012	Elvitegravir	Vitekta (discontinued 2016), part of Stribild, Genvoya	EVG	Gilead
2013	Dolutegravir	Tivicay	DTG	ViiV Healthcare

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5. ATTACHMENT AND FUSION INHIBITORS

Attachment and Fusion Inhibitors: Block the action of integrase, an enzyme that inserts the viral DNA into the infected cell’s DNA strands.

Year	Generic Name	Trade Name	Also known as:	Manufacturer
2003	Enfuvirtide	Fuzeon	T-20	Genentech
2007	Maraviroc	Selzentry, Celsentri	MVC	ViiV Healthcare

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*Year of approval in the USA. Many generic versions have been approved under the President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR). See http://www.fda.gov/oia/pepfar.htm for more information.